l-Carnitine protected RTCs from PFOS-mediated apoptosis by sequentially inhibiting the induction of ROS, pERK1/2, IRE1, and autophagy The time-dependent effect of PFOS on the autophagy process was evaluated (Fig
The major obstacles to developing probes that can monitor GSH dynamics include the reaction reversibility and kinetics of the sensing reaction, as well as the high abundance of GSH (110 mM) inside cells
A single cause for dementia, for example, which could be targeted for prevention and treatment, has long eluded researchers
Once a clear stock solution has been prepared in acetic acid water, it is standard practice to perform subsequent dilutions into the intended experimental vehicle for example, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), cell culture medium, or another physiological buffer to bring the working solution to the correct pH and ionic strength for the assay