Common causes include: Chemotherapy and radiation therapy Prescription medications (including antibiotics, antihypertensives, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants, and more) Vitamin or mineral deficiencies (especially zinc, copper, and vitamin B12) Poor oral hygiene or untreated dental issues Upper respiratory or sinus infections Neurological disorders such as Parkinsons or Alzheimers disease Systemic conditions (such as diabetes, kidney disease, or liver disease) Among these, cancer treatment stands out as a major contributing factor
This can mean rotating sides of the body if you prefer one site, for example, the abdomen, or rotating sites, for example, the abdomen, the upper arm, etc
Boruah et al., 2024)
Selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is the key enzyme responsible for neutralising H2O2 in thyroid tissue, and selenium supplementation has been associated with lower TPO antibody concentrations (Gartner et al., 2002)