According to Tsang, the most common oral GLP-1 side effects include: Dry mouth (xerostomia) Enamel erosion Dental cavities Tooth sensitivity Gingival inflammation Taste disturbances (dysguesia) The most common side effectdry mouthis likely caused by a few things, Tsang says
The EC50 of GLP1 (7-36) is in the expected 2 digits pM range (25-60pM), while its metabolite shows a potency which is 4 logs lower and falls into the low M range
Common sources of fluoride include supplements, bottled beverages, toothpaste, black and red tea, canned foods, chewing tobacco, black/red rock salt, and certain medications
Fasting mice for up to 24 h caused moderate increases in -hydroxybutyrate levels in the spinal cord and all 6 brain regions measured (Shao et al., 2023), further suggesting a reductive shift of the central nervous system cytoplasmic [NAD + ]/[NADH] by fasting