In the liver, GLP-1RA promotes AMPK activation, inhibit lipogenesis, and reduce inflammatory cytokine expression, thereby alleviating hepatic steatosis and fibrosis [15, 16]
In some cases, doctors might prescribe oral drugs like metformin with care, but experts do not all agree on its use
Ozempic is also used off-label for weight management
Given the difficulty of targeting endothelial cells in the dermis, inhibiting downstream pathways activating melanocytes, like EDN-1/EDN receptor signaling [176,177,178,179], could be particularly relevant for treating melasma and solar lentigo as this signaling pathway is upregulated in these conditions [180]