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Research also investigates GHK-Cu effects on fibroblast function following radiation exposure

Explore novel modalities such as PROTACs (targeting ACSL4 and Nrf2), gene therapies (e.g., AAV-mediated SLC7A11 overexpression in PT cells), and epigenetic modulators (e.g., m 6 A inhibitors that regulate ferroptosis-related gene expression)

this process reduces mitophagy activation levels, leading to increased mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release, and activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, ultimately causing widespread apoptosis and liver injury [42]

They complement a healthy lifestyle, not replace it