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They found little evidence for the so-called diversion effect, which would mean vapers are less likely to smoke than non-vapers

The study did not examine why people with chronic pain are more likely to smoke, but there are two likely reasons: One is that smoking provides a pleasurable distraction from pain and serves as a coping mechanism

Studying brain responses to cues can also help us to predict which e-cigarette products will be the most likely to result in addiction for new users. Hobkirk also is a former Early-Stage Investigator Training Program (KL2) scholar, which also supported her research in this area